Yesaya 10:24

10:24 So ¹  here is what the sovereign master, the Lord who commands armies, says: “My people who live in Zion, do not be afraid of Assyria, even though they beat you with a club and lift their cudgel against you as Egypt did. ² 

Yesaya 11:15

11:15 The Lord will divide ³  the gulf ⁴  of the Egyptian Sea; ⁵ 

he will wave his hand over the Euphrates River ⁶  and send a strong wind, ⁷ 

he will turn it into seven dried-up streams, ⁸ 

and enable them to walk across in their sandals.

Yesaya 13:2

13:2 ⁹ On a bare hill raise a signal flag,

shout to them,

wave your hand,

so they might enter the gates of the princes!

Yesaya 19:16

19:16 At that time ¹⁰  the Egyptians ¹¹  will be like women. ¹²  They will tremble and fear because the Lord who commands armies brandishes his fist against them. ¹³ 

[10:24]  ¹ tn Heb “therefore.” The message that follows is one of encouragement, for it focuses on the eventual destruction of the Assyrians. Consequently “therefore” relates back to vv. 5-21, not to vv. 22-23, which must be viewed as a brief parenthesis in an otherwise positive speech.

[10:24]  ² tn Heb “in the way [or “manner”] of Egypt.”

[11:15]  ³ tn The verb is usually understood as “put under the ban, destroy,” or emended to חָרָב (kharav, “dry up”). However, HALOT 354 s.v. II חרם proposes a homonymic root meaning “divide.”

[11:15]  ⁴ tn Heb “tongue” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NRSV).

[11:15]  ⁵ sn That is, the Red Sea.

[11:15]  ⁶ tn Heb “the river”; capitalized in some English versions (e.g., ASV, NASB, NRSV) as a reference to the Euphrates River.

[11:15]  ⁷ tn Heb “with the [?] of his wind” [or “breath”]. The Hebrew term עַיָם (’ayam) occurs only here. Some attempt to relate the word to an Arabic root and translate, “scorching [or “hot”] wind.” This interpretation fits especially well if one reads “dry up” in the previous line. Others prefer to emend the form to עֹצֶם (’otsem, “strong”). See HALOT 817 s.v. עֲצַם.

[11:15]  ⁸ tn Heb “seven streams.” The Hebrew term נַחַל (nakhal, “stream”) refers to a wadi, or seasonal stream, which runs during the rainy season, but is otherwise dry. The context (see v. 15b) here favors the translation, “dried up streams.” The number seven suggests totality and completeness. Here it indicates that God’s provision for escape will be thorough and more than capable of accommodating the returning exiles.

[13:2]  ⁹ sn The Lord is speaking here (see v. 3).

[19:16]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “in that day” (so KJV), likewise at the beginning of vv. 18 and 19.

[19:16]  ¹¹ tn Heb “Egypt,” which stands by metonymy for the country’s inhabitants.

[19:16]  ¹² sn As the rest of the verse indicates, the point of the simile is that the Egyptians will be relatively weak physically and will wilt in fear before the Lord’s onslaught.

[19:16]  ¹³ tn Heb “and he will tremble and be afraid because of the brandishing of the hand of the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts], which he brandishes against him.” Since according to the imagery here the Lord’s “hand” is raised as a weapon against the Egyptians, the term “fist” has been used in the translation.